Size controlling mechanism for



H. BLOOD Re.20,634

SIZE CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR BORING MACHINES AND LIKE Jan, 2 5, 1938.

Original Filed March 10, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 gnuewto'o Harold )4. Blood,

Jan. 25, 1938.. H. 1.. BLOOD 205634 SIZE CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR BORING MACHINES AND Original Filed Mafoh 10, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 126 I J3] 125' 126 [28 H7 15a 16 H 157 v V 7 1 3 11% 420 .1 I I 4 l 116 fi v 3 97 w I I grwmto'o 36 ?0 I ay I i11 Lt; Blood v 38 55 I i: G a 05' 72 6'7 J05 v am Reiuued Jan. 25, 1938 SIZE CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR' BORING MACHINES AND THE LIKE Harold L. Blood, Worcester, Mass, assig'nor to The Heaid Machine Company,

Worcester,

- Mass, a corporation oi. Massachusetts Original No. 2,041,898, dated May 2a, 1936, Serial No. 598,035, March 10, 1932. Application for reissue June 14, 1937, Serial No. 148,203

29 Claims.

The present invention relates. to machines which are used to impart a predetermined finished dimension to corresponding surfaces of a succession of similar' workpieces; the invention is particularly applicable to boring and like machines wherein it is'customary for the cutting tool to operate on a considerable number of the successrvely-presented workpieces before there is need to make any adjustment of the tool, to compenlU sate for wear of its cutting surface.

That is to say, in'machines of this character, the initially established position of the cutting tool relative to the axis of the work holder, for the production of a workpiece bore of predetermined finished size, can usually be maintained for the finishing and sizing of a considerable number of successive workpieces,this being due to the fact that the tool is made of extremely hard material such as diamond or tung- 2" sten carbide, and is thus able to impart the desired finished size to quite a number of workpieces, before undergoing perceptible wear or loss of cutting efiiciency. But eventually, from repeated finishing and sizing operations performed on increasing numbers of workpieces, the tool becomes slightly worn, and therefore incapable, in its originally established setting, of imparting the desired finished dimension to the work, since such dimension is dependent upon the distance of the tool's cutting surface from the workpiece axis. Any workpiece finished by such a slightly worn tool in its original setting will usually be oi'fsize, i. e'., with its finished surface dimension differing slightly from that established by the 5 original setting of the tool.

Heretofore, in the operation of machines of this character, to obtain substantial uniformity of dimension for all the workpieces finished in a protracted run of the machine, it has been neces- 4u sary to check the dimension of each finished workpiece by manual gaging; whenever such manual gaging has revealed an ofi'size workpiece, ,the runof the machine on such workpieces has had to be interrupted, to permit the tool position 45 to be checked, and to permit such manual adiustment of the tool, relative to the workholding member, as will reestablish the tool's cutting surface in the proper position to finish the nextpresented batch of workpieces to within the size 1 .50 limits of the gage device. Necessarily, the time and attention required for this manual gaging of each finished workpiece, as well as for these periodic shut-downs [of the machine, have a serious eflect on the productive capacity of the machine. 5 Objects of my invention are to provide ina machine of this class for the mechanical calipering Y or gaging of each finished workpiece in the machine itself, and to provide an automatic compensatory adjustment of the cutting tool's position relative to the workholding axis in response to 5 the reaction of said gaging device to an offsize finished workpiece.

I am aware that the mechanical gaging of successive workpieces in machines for finishing to a predetermined dimension has heretofore been 10 proposed; for example, the Kempton and Gallimore Patent No. 1,731,719 oi October 15, 1929, disbloses an internal grinding machine equipped with a work-calipering or gaging device which operates as a determinant of the finished dimen- 16 sion of the bore of each workpiece, in that said device, under influences urging it all through the grinding operation toward the gradually-enlarging bore, will finally, when the bore gets large enough, move into same and cause termination of the grinding operation. But in such patented machine, involving repeated back and forth traverses of the workpiece by the grinding tool,- as well as a, progressive lateral or crossfeed tool movement, to cut deeper and deeper into the workpiece surface until the predetermined size is reached, the mechanical gaging device, as a size determinant, influences the machine operation in identically the same way for-every workpiece. In consequence, said Kempton and Galli- 30 more gage control is wholly inapp icable to the objects herein dealt with, which contemplate a mechanical gaging device that comes into action on any workpiece only after the latter has been finished, and that influences the machine operation only as to its cutting on subsequent workpieces and only in those relatively rare instances when an oflsize workpiece, by reason of the accumulative wear of the tool, has been produced; at all other times, the gaging device must ,be without influence on the operation of the machine.

Other and further objects and advantages will appear from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying the invention, certain of the parts thereof being broken away to show the construction.

Fig; 2 is an enlarged vertical section 0! the end of the workhead of Fig. 1 with the electrical connections thereto shown diagrammatically.

Fig. 3 is an .end elevation of the cutting tool spindle and the mechanism associated therewith as seen from the right of the machine.

' Fig. 4 is a cross section of the wheel head, showtool spindle.

Fig.5isafluld pressure diagram. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view similarlto Fig. 1

showing a modification of the invention.

Like reference characters refer to like .parts 'in the different figures.

Referring to Fig. l, the invention is shown in connection with a precision boring machine of well-known type. In such a machine,.the base I supports a horizontally movable table 2 slldable on ways not shown, said table being actuated by I fluid under pressure to produce relative movea the former.

mounted on a bridge 6 that spans the slideways provided by the machine base. The cutting operation 'of the tool on the workpiece can be effected in.the usual manner during the 'travel of the tool along the work either by rotating the tool 3, or by rotating the workpiece 4, as desired;

as here shown, by-way of example, the necessary relative rotation between the parts is obtained by imparting rotation to the workpiece. I

The cutting operation on each workpiece involves a single passage of the tool along one surface of the rotating workpiece, said workpiece being usually finished to within the desired size limits bythis single cut as the table 2 ismoved to the left to advance, the tool along the surface of the workpiece. The table then moves to the right. to withdraw the tool from the workpiece, in the manner disclosed in the above noted Schmidt application. It is sufficient to note for the purposes of the present application that a pair of dogs I and Bare carried by the table 2 for engagement with a reversing lever l0 which is connected to and rocks a reversing valve ll, see Fig. 5. At the end of the movement of the table to the left, after the cutting tool has passed I through the workpiece, the reversing lever Ill is engaged by the right hand reversing dog 8 and is rocked counterclockwise, thereby rocking the reversing valve H and procuring movement of the table to the right to withdraw the cutting tool from the workpiece. As the carriage moves to the right, it is brought to rest by engagement of a stop dog l2, on thetable, with a. stud l3 rigidly mounted on the base of the machine; said engagement occurs just as the reversing lever 10 is engaged by and brought into upright position by the dog I, at which time the reversing valve H is in mid-position and the flow of fluid through said valve is entirely out off.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 5, the fluid pressure mechanism by which the table is actuated comprises a cylinder l4 which is carried within the base I of the machine and which receives a piston l5 slidable therein; a piston rod it projects beyond the cylinder l4 and the end of the rod is secured to a lug H on the table 2. Fluid under pressure from the pump l8 isdirected I some ing the compensatory mechanism for the cutting" provided with an outlet port 30. In response to movements of the valve II by the reversing lever 13 in the manner above disclosed, channels 3| and 32 in the reversing valve ll direct fluid under pressure alternately to opposite ends of the cylinder i4 to procure the above-mentioned longitudinal movements of the table.

Theabove mechanism is not of itself the subject matter of the present invention; the latter involves the attainment, in connection with such or similar mechanism, of the novel results heretofore set forth. In accordance with the present invention, a gage member is urged toward the workpiece in the machine as the cutting tool is being withdrawn from such finished workpiece. If the bore of the finished workpiece permits the gage to enter therein, thereby establishing that 'this particular workpiece is finished to within workpiece axis that the next cutting operation of the tool will produce the desired dimension.

Referring first to Figs. 1, 3 and 4, which show the mounting for the cutting tool, the table 2 carries a bracket 33 securely mounted to the top thereof, said bracket having a longitudinal bore 34 therein which receives an eccentric sleeve 35. A member 36 has an annular portion 31 which surrounds the sleeve 35 and is secured to said sleeve by a key 38. A projecting portion 40 of the member 36 extends through a slot 4| in the bracket 33 and carries beyond the surface of said bracket a plurality of ratchet teeth 42 which are arranged to be engaged by a pawl 43, the latter when moved, as hereinafter described, procuring a transverse compensatory movement of the cutting tool.

The annular portion 31 of the member 35 is rotatably received in an annular recess 44 in the bracket 33 and can therefore rotate the sleeve 35 to which said member 36 is keyed. The sleeve 35 has an eccentric bore 45 extending longitudinally thereof in which is mounted the right hand end of a spindle 46, the cutting tool 3 being carried by the left hand end'of said spindle. An annular flange 41 on said spindle 46 substantially midway of the length thereof engages the left hand end of the bracket 33 and is provided with a notch 48 which receives the projectingend of a pin, 50 mounted in the bracket 33. The pin 50 holds said spindle 45 against rotation relative to the bracket to maintain the cutting tool, in proper angular position, but permits rotation of the sleeve 35 about said spindle, the latter being held against axial movement in said sleeve (ill by a nut 5| which is screw threaded on the right hand end of said spindle and engages the end of the sleeve 35. Thus rotation of the sleeve 35 in the bracket 33, occurring only when the pawl 43 is moved, causes a very slight lateral feeding a movement of the cutting tool transversely of the table without an appreciable change in the elevation of said tool or in the angular position of said tool, this lateral feeding movement,to compensate for wear on the cutting surface of said tool, being effected, as will now be described, only when the machine produces a workpiece which is not within the predetermined limits of size.

Referring nbw to Figs. 1 and 2, the workhead 54 which is mounted on the right hand end of the spindle is arranged to clamp the workpiece 4 in axial alinement with said spindle. A gage rod 55 extends slidably through the hollow spindle and carries on the right hand end thereof a gage member 56 which just fits the desired diameter of workpiece bore and is arranged to be brought into: operative relation to the workpiece l, as each successive workpiece is finished.

A bracket 51 which is carried by the bridge 6,;

as shown in Fig. 1, has a bore 58 therein in alinement' with the gage rod. A sleeve 59 rotatable in said bore and also axially slidable therein receives the left hand endof the gage rod and is secured thereto by a pin 60. The inner race it of a ball bearing 62 is clamped on the left hand end of said sleeve 59 by'a'clamping nut 63 and the outer race of said ball bearingjs received in a groove 6| in an arm 65, thereby compelling said arm to move axially with the gage rod and sleeve, but allowing rotation of the sleeve and gage rod in said arm. The depending lower end of arm 65 has threaded therein a horizontal rod 61, said rod being longitudinally adjustable in said arm and being locked in adjusted position by a clamping nut 68. A spring '10, the ends of which are secured respectively to the arm 55 and to the bracket 51 urges the arm 55 and the gage rod toward the right, to make-the gage member 55 operative, with respect to the bore of the finished workpiece l. g

During the cutting operation, as the cutting tool is moving to the left and into the workpiece bore, the gage member 55 is withdrawn from contact with said workpiece to avoid pontact between said gage and the cutting tool.- To a'ccom-' plish this, the right hand end .of the rod 51 is in alinement with, and is engaged by a piston H, slidable in a cylindrical bore 72 provided by the bracket 51. Said piston "ll, during the left hand movement of the table, is urged to the left by fluid under pressure, thereby withdrawing the gage from the workpiece. Movement of the piston 'il toward the left is iimlted by a stop I3 secured to'the bracket 57, said stop engaging the outer end of said piston at the left hand end of the piston movement.

Referring to Fig. 5, a port 14 in the cylindrical bore 12 is connected by a pipe 75 and branch pipes 16 and 11 to spaced ports 18 and 8G in a valve casing 8| which ismounted on the front of the base I of the machine, as shown in Fig. 1. 'A cylindrical valve 82 in the casing 8i provides fluid connection, in one position, between the port and an inlet port 83 in the casing 81- which port is connected by a pipe 84 to the pipe 28, the latter providing connection between the reversing valve H and the right hand end of the cylinder It. In the other position of the "valve 82, fluid connection is provided between the port 18 and a second inlet port 85 which is spaced from the port 83 and which is connected by a" table movements, control the position ofthe gage member relative to the workpiece. Referring to Fig. 5, which represents the elements in a position corresponding to the position of the parts in Fig. 1, with the table "at this time moving 'to' the right and with the cutting tool withdrawing from the bore of the just finished workpiece, fluid under pressure is entering the left hand end of the cylinder 14, being directed thereto by the reversing valve I I. At the same time, fluid from the cylindrical bore 12 is exhausting through ports 80 and 83 into'the pipe 28 and thence through the exhaust port 30, thereby permitting the gage 56 to be urged to the right under the influence of the spring 10 toward the finished workpiece bore; and assume, as'to this particular workpiece, that the bore permits entry of said gage. As the carriage continues its movement to the right, the dog 92 engages and rocks the lever 80, moving the valve 82 to the left to admit fluid from the pump l8 through the pipe 86 and port 78 to the cylindrical bore 12. The piston ii isthus urged to the left and withdraws the' gage from the bore of the workpiece before the table reaches the rest position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, this permitting removal of the completed workpiece and the insertion of I an unfinished workpiece within the workholding member.

At the start of the cutting operation on this subsequent workpiece, as the table begins to movefrom the; rest position shown toward the left in response to fluid under pressure which is admitted to the right hand end' of the cylinder M, the gage is maintained out of work-engaging position by fluid under pressure which passes through the pipe 86 to the cylindrical bore I2, the valve 82 being still in the left hand position. During this movement of the tool to the left toward the workpiece, the dog 92 engages the lever and the valve 82 is returned to the position shown. Since fluid under pressure at this time is entering the right hand end of the cylinder through the pipe 28, fluid under pressure passes from the pipe 28 through the pipe 84 to the cylindrical bore 12 and the gage is thus maintained out of contact with the workpiece regardless of the position of the valve 82. However, when the table is reversed at the left hand end of its stroke, fluid under pressure exhausts from the right hand end of the cylinder l4 and accordingly is allowed to exhaust from the cylindrical bore formed thereon, is too small in diameter to permit the gage to enter therein, the pawl 43 is moved, and imparts acompensatory lateral shifting movement to the tool 3. Referring to Fig. 2, a support 83 is mounted on the bracket 51 and provides a cylindrical bore 94 in which is mounted a sleeve 95, the latter being separated from the cylindrical bore 94 by insulating material 96, and extending only a portion of the length of the cylindrical bore. A plunger 91 is slidable within the sleeve 95 and is spaced therefrom by an annulus 98 of insulating material which is secured in the left hand end of the sleeve 95. The plunger 91' is urged to the right by a spring 100, the left hand end of which enwhen the piston 1| is in its right hand position,

Fig. 2.

" The sleeve 95 and plunger 91 are included in an electrical circuit for the occasional energization of an electromagnet, adapted to actuate the pawl 43. That is to say, the-plunger 91," as shown in Fig. 2, is connected by a lead- III! to a generator Hi3 shown as grounded at I, and the sleeve 95 is connected by a lead ill! to one terminal of a normally-open switch, not shown, contained in a switch box M5 on the front of the machine; the other terminal of said switch is connected by a lead I51 to one terminal of an electromagnet I08, the latter's other terminal being grounded as shown at H0. Said electroma net I08 which, as shown in Fig. 3, is mounted on the bracket 33, has a movable armature III, the outer e nd-of which pivotally supports the pawl 43 in operative relation to the ratchet teeth 42 on member 36. When theelectromagnet I)! is energized, the armature III is drawn to ,the left, causing the pawl 43, by its eng'agement with teeth 4,2, ,to move themember 36 and thereby, in the manner above described, to procure the vdesired slight lateral compensatory movement of tool 3.

Said electrical circuit, containing electromagnet Ill, is subject to opening and closing at two places, namely, between the sleeve 95 and plungerl'l, and between the contacts or terminals of the switch contained in box lit-and thus no current flows through the electromagnet unless,

' in the operation of the machine, said circuitis closed at both of these places at the same time.

Periodically, in the operation of the machine, the plunger 91 is moved into electrical contact with sleeve 95; as shown in-Fig. 2, the end llll of plunger 91 is in the path of piston H, and therefore on the left hand table movement,-

when the piston 1i, asheretofore described, also moves to the left, in order to carry the gage 55 away from the workpiece, said piston II, by. its, engagement with end ll,,will push the plunger 91 far enough to the left to effect contact of end llll with sleeve 95. But during this left hand table movement, there is no closure of the switch in box I; said switch is arranged to be closed by the depression of a push button 2, the latter being in the path of a dog H3 which is pivotallymounted on a pin Ill carried by the table I; this dog 3 is free to rock counterclockwise on said pivot Ill, and therefore in the'left hand travel ofasaid table, despite the passage of dog III over button III, there is never any closure of the switch in box ll5,the dog H3 yielding upwardly as it moves over the button 2, thus leaving the switch open, and,the electromagnet Ill deenergized, despite the fact that, as above deseribed, the piston H has established contact of plunger 91 with sleeve 95.

At the commencement'of the ensuing right hand or'reverse' travel of table 2, the piston 11, with the valve 82 in the position shown by Fig.5, is free to be moved to the right by spring II, and if the just-finished workpiece permits entry therein of gage 55, then the full right-hand movement of said piston II takes place, in consequence of which said piston moves away from the end [M of the plunger 91 and allows, the spring II to effect separation of said end from the sleeve 95. "Further'on in the right hand of plunger 81 from sleeve 95, by reason of the full right hand movement permitted to the piston II, has already occurred.

But if on such right hand table movement, the

gage 55 cannot enter the bore of the just-finished workpiece, then-the piston 'll cannot complete its right hand movement in cylinder 12; said piston remains instead in contact with the end iii of plunger 91 and thus the contact of said plunger with sleeve 95 is maintained. As a result, when the right hand table travel, as above described, efiects a momentary closure of the switch in box I", the electromagnet "i8 is energized tomove the pawl l3 so that, before the next cutting operation of the machine, the tool 3, by turning of the eccentric sleeve 35, will be given a slight lateral adjustment. Thus the next cutting operation of the machine, whether it be larger workpiece here than the one that excluded said gage.

In the use of the machine, starting with the table in its extreme right hand rest position,

the operator rocks the lever III to initiate the left hand table travel that earries the tool 3 into and through the workpiece} for the performance 01 the cutting operation thereon,--during which movement, as above described, the gage .55 is retracted from the workpiece so as to be out of the way of the tool. when the tool on this left hand table movement has passed entirely through the workpiece, thus completing the cutting operation thereon, the table dog 5 strikes the lever lll,' rocking the valve ll into the position shown by Fig; 5 and thereby reversing the table travel, so as towithdraw the tool from the finished workpiece bore'and to return the table to its extreme right hand rest position. In the first part of this righthandtable movement, before the position or setting that produced in the preceding workpiece a' bore large enough to receive the gage, and this holds true for subsequent opera'tions so long as each finished workpiece receives the gage. Only when a finished workpiece here will not permit-entry of the gage is there any departure from the cycle of operations above described; when such non-entry occurs (preventing-the piston II from moving to the right),

'the contact of plunger 91 with sleeve 95 is prolonged beyond normal, so that closure, of 'the switch in box'illG energizes the electromagnet llll, thereby-repositioning the tool to compensate tion of an oifsize workpiece.

for the wear thereon that has caused the produc- Following this compensatory movement, thecutting operations on successive workpieces take place without compensatory movement provided the gage enters the bore of each workpiece during the withdrawal of the cutting tool from said workpiece. When the cutting tool again becomes worn and any.

workpiece is finished to a size which fails to permit the gage to enter therein, another compensatory movement takes place in the manner above described.

Referring now to the modification of Fig. 6, the

invention is disclosed in a mechanism which is operated mechanically and in which the movements of the gage member are controlled directly from the movements of the table. In this modification the table H carries a tool head ill on a cross slide I IB-which is movable on ways I on shown, for the table H5 at the left hand end thereof, supports a, workhead I thereon, and said workhead'prov'ides spaced bearings I25for the reception of a hollow work spindle I21, the latter carrying on the right hand end thereof a workholding member I28 and on the left hand end thereof a pulley I30 by which said spindle is rotated. A gage rod I3I is slidable longitudinally through said spindle and the right hand end thereof carries a gage member I32 for entry within the bore of a workpiece I33 mounted in the workholding member I28. An arm I34 is se- I cured against axial movement on the left hand end of the gage rod I3I, by-means of the ball bearing member I35 and the depending end of the arm I34 is secured to a rod I35 supported by and slidable longitudinally through the bridge I24 in parallel relation to the gage rod I3I. posite ends of a spring I31 which surrounds the rod I35 engage respectively the bridge I24 anda collar I33 adjacent the right hand end of rod I36, said spring normally urging the rod I35 and accordingly the gage rod I3I toward the right to carry the gage member I32 into engagement with the workpiece.

A bell crank lever I39 pivotally mounted on a stud I40 on the front of the machine has the end of one arm I in engagement with the collar I38, and the other arm I4I thereof, which is arcuate, stands in the path of a roller I42 mounted on astud I43 on the table, said roller engaging said arm as the table is brought to rest position at the right hand end of its movement to depress said arm, thereby withdrawing the gage rod to the left carrying the gage out of engagement with the bore of the workpiece and permitting removal of the finished workpiece from the work-holding member and the insertion of an unfinished workpiece therein." I

As the table moves toward the left, as by the fluid control means above disclosed, a bolt I44 carried in abracket' on the table engages the right hand end of the rod I35 to carry said rod to the left and accordingly to withdraw the gage memher away from the workpieceto permit passage of the cutting tool therethrough. As the table is reversed and returns to the right, the bolt I44 The op-' the spring I31 carries the'gage to the right into the bore of the workpiece. As the table moves further to the right to rest position, the-roller I42 engages the arm I4I' of the bell crank lever I39 and withdraws the gage from the workpiece as,

above stated.

The bell crank lever I33 has an arm I45 depending therefrom, said arm being connected by a link I46 to a lug I41 which is slidable on a block I48 carried on the base of the machine, said lug and block having cooperating inclined surfaces150 and I5l so that movement of said lug in response to rocking movement of the bell crank lever results in a raising or lowering of said lug relative to the table. 1 The table I I5 carries a bell crank lever I52 which is pivotallw mounted on a stud I53 on said table. One end of the .bell crank lever I52 carries the pawl I23 which is held in engagement with the ,ratchet'wheel I22 by a spring I54; the other end of the bell crank lever carries a pivotally mounted dog I 55 which is held against clockwise rotation from the normal depending position shown by a projection I 56 on the bell crank lever. The dog I55 in the moyements of' the-table is adapted to strike the upper end of the lug I41, when the latter is in raised position.

As the table moves to the left, the dog I55 without movement of the lever I52. As the table returns to the right, however, the gage .member I32, by retraction of bolt I44, is allowed to move,

said gage can enter the finished workpiece, this will allow the collar I38 to rockthe lever I39 far enough to carry the lug I47 down out of the path of the dog I55 so that no movement of the bell crank lever' I52 occurs "during the right hand movement of the table. Upon failure of the gage member to enter a workpiece during the right hand movement of the table, by reason of the small diameter of said workpiece, the bell crank lever is not rocked clockwise enough to withdraw the lug i4'I out of operative position, so that said lug I" is retained in its raised or right hand position in the pathof the dog I55. The latters engagement with the lug rocks the lever I52, and moves the pawl I23, thereby actuating the ratchet wheel I22 to procure a transverse feeding movement of the cutting tool.

The operation of the modification which will be apparent from the preceding discussion will be briefly summarized. An unfinished workpiece having been placed within the workholding member, the table is started from the rest position shown, and moves to the left to carry the cutting tool into engagement with the rotating workswings on its pivot and passes over the 'dog I" carried the bolt I44 into engagement with the the gage to move toward the finished bore of the a downwardly so that as 'the table continuesto move to the right, the dog IBSis carried to the rightthercwith but does not engage the lug by reason of its lowered position. Just prior to the right hand end of the movement of the table, before it is brought to rest by suitable automatic mechanism, the roller I42 engages the bell crank lever I39 and withdraws the gage out of the bore of the workpiece. This same operation continues for each successive workpiece until the'cutting tool is worn to suchan extent that the bore of a finished workpiece does not permit the gage to enter therein.

When this occurs, during the right hand movement of the table, the-gage abuts the end of the workpiece and is prevented from entering within said workpiece. lhus, the bell crank lever I39 is not rotated counterclockwise to the normal extent and therefore the lug Ill is maintained in its right hand position in the path, of the dog so that lever I5! is swung upwardly b3 said lug to actuate the pawl I23, and the cutting tool is thus moved laterally of the table to compensate for the wear thereon. After this compensatory movement, the normal operation on each workpiece contlnueson successive workpieces until the wear on the cutting tool issuch that the finished bore of a workpiece fails t'b permit the gage to enter therein. .7

From the, foregoing, it will be apparent that the invention is applied to a'machine which is arranged for the successive reduction of a pluraL ity of workpieces to a predetermined dimension,

- in which machine the cuttingoperation involves passage of. the cutting toolalong a'suriace of the workpiece, the cutting tool during the cutting operation being maintained in predetermined relation to the axis of the workpiece. At the com pletion of the cutting operation during the withdrawal of the tool fromthe workpiece, a workcalipering means tests the dimension of the workpiece, that is, when the gage member enters the bore of the workpiece it indicates that the bore of the workpiece is enlarged by the cutting operation to the desired dimension, and upon failure of thegage member to enter the workpiece, itindicates that the finished workpiece is under dimension as aresult of the wear on the cutting tool. Thus, the ,work-calipering or gage. means has a normal movement, which involves the entry of said gaging means into the finished bore of the workpiece, said normal movement being interrupted when the finished dimension of the workpiece does not permit entry of the I gage therein. Interruption of the normal'movementor the gage meanakor failure of the gage means to enter the'workpiece, operates to procure a, compensatory movement of the cutting tool relative to the workholder so that subsequent workpieces will bev finished to the desired dimension. The compensatory movement of the cutting tool is procured during and in response to the withdrawal movement of the table which carries the cutting tool out of the workpiece, but such compensatory movement occurs only when the workpiece is not reduced to the proper finished dimension so that said movement occurs independently of the number of cutting operations between successive compensatory movements.

I claim,

1. In a machine for the machining of one sur- 'face of each of a succession of workpieces to a predetermined dimension, a cutting tool and a workholder, means for producing relative rotation between said tool and a workpiece in said workholder, means for effecting the traverse of one of said parts by the other to procure a cutting operation on eachsuccessive workpiece, said operation involving a single longitudinal movement ofthe tool along the surface of the workpiece and subsequent withdrawal of the cutting tool from said workpiece, work-calipering means operative upon the withdrawal of the tool fromthe workpiece, and means under the control of said work-calipering means and operative only when a workpiece is not machined to the desired dimension as indicated by the calipering means for procuring a compensatory movement of the cutting tool relative to the workholder.

2. In a machine for the successive machining of, a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined holder, means, for producing relative rotation between said tool and a workpiece in said workholder, means for effecting the traverse of one of said parts by the other for procuring a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said cutting operation involving a single relative longitudlna'l traversing movement of said tool oven the inner surface of the workpiece and relative withdrawal of the cutting tool from the workpiece at the completion of the cutting operation, means responsive to the withdrawal movement for gag- 'internaldiameter, a cutting tool and a workholder, means for effecting the traverse of one of said parts by the other for procuring a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said cuttingoperation involving a single longitudinal traversing movement of said tool over the inner surface of the workpiece and withdrawal of the cutting tool fromthe workpiece at the completion of the cutting operation, means responsive to the withdrawal movement for gaging the internal diameter of the workpiece by entry of a gage member within the bore thereof, means operative only upon failure of said gage means to enter said workpiece for procuring a compensatory movement of the cutting tool relative to the workholder, and meansresponsive to further withdrawal movement of the cutting tool from the workpiece for withdrawing the gage member out of the bore of'the workpiece.

4. In a machine for the successive machining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a cutting member and a workholding member, means for producing relative rotation between said members, a reciprocatory table on-which one of said members is mounted,

means to procure a single reciprocatory movement of said tableto effect traverse of each workpiece by said cutting member and withdrawal of the latter from said workpiece, a gage member, means responsive to movement of the table durber being adapted to enter the bore of said work-{ 70 mg the withdrawal movement of the cutting member fromthe workpiece for moving said gage member toward the workpiece, said gage memby said cutting member and withdrawal of the.

latter from said workpiece, a gage member, means responsive to movement of the table during the withdrawal movement of the cutting member from the workpiece to move said gage member toward the workpiece, said gage member being adapted to enter the bore of said workpiece when the latter is finished to,the predetermined internal diameter, means operative upon failure of the gage member to enter the bore of the workpiece for procuring a lateral movement of the cutting member relative to the workholding member, and

'means responsive to further withdrawal moveme'nt'of the table for withdrawing the gage mem her out of contact with the workpiece.

6. In a machine for the successivemachining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a cutting member and a workholding member, means for producing relative rotation between said members, a reciprocatory table on which one of said members is mounted,

means to actuate said table to procure a cutting operation of the cutting member on a workpiece in the workholding member, said cutting operation involving movement of the table'in one direction to carry the cutting member over the inner surface of the workpiece and subsequent movement of the table in the opposite direction to withdraw the cutting member from engagement with the workpiece, a gage normally out of engagement with the workpiece, means for moving said gage toward the workpiece in response to the withdrawal movement of the cutting, member from the workpiece, said gage being prevented from entering the workpiece when said workpiece is not finished to the predetermined internal diameter, and means controlled by the failure of said gage to enter the bore of the workpiece and operative during the withdrawal movement of the cutting member from the workpiece for procuring a transverse feeding movement of the cutting member relativeto the workpiece.

7. In a boring machine for the successive machining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a workholdingmember providing for rotation of a workpiece positioned therein, a boring tool mounted infixed relation to the axis of the workholder during each successive cutting operation, means operative after the completion of each cutting operation, and means under the control 01' .said work-caliperlng means for procuring 8. lateral movement of the boring toolrelative to the holder, a boring tool mounted in fixed relation to the axis of the workholder during each cutting work-calipering operation, gage means operable after the completion of the cutting operation on each successive workpiece for entering the bore thereof if the latter isfinished to the predetermined internal diameter, means to procure a lateral movement of the boring tool relative to the axis of the workholder when the finished internal diameter of the workpiece prevents entry of the gage means therein, and automatic means operable after the testing of the internal diameter of the workpiece by said gage means for withdrawing the latter from the bore of the workpiece.

9. In a boring machine for the successive machining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a rotatable workholder, a boring tool mounted in fixed relation to the axis of .the workholder during each cutting operation,

gaging means operable after the completion of each cutting operation, and after the boring tool is withdrawn from the workpiece, for entry within the bore of said workpiece if the latter is finished to the predetermined internal diameter,

and means responsive to failure of sald gaging means to enter the hereof the workpiece and operable during. the withdrawal movement of the boring tool from the workpiece for procuring a lateral movement of the boring tool relative to' the bore of said workpiece if the'latter is finished to the predetermined internal diameter, means responsive to failure of said gaging means to enter a finished bore for procuring a lateral movement i of the boring tool relative to the axis of the workholder, and means operable after the operation of said gaging meansand responsive to the withdrawal movement of the tool from the workpiece traverse of one of said parts by the other to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, means for gaging the finished internal diameter of each successive workpiece after the cutting operation thereon is completed, and means under the control of the gaging means to procure a lateral movement of the boring tool relative to the workholding member when the finished workpiece bore does not permit entry therein of said gaging means. 12. In a boring machine for the successive machining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a workholding member, a boring tool, means for producing relative rotation between said tool and a workpiece in said workholding member, means for eifecting the traverse of one of said parts by the other to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, means for gaging the finished internal diameter of each successive workpiece after the cutting operation thereon is completed, and means under-the control of the gaging means to procure a lateral movement of the boring tool relative to the workholding. member when the finishedworkpiece bore] does not permit entry therein of said gaging means, said gaging means beingnormally out of contact with the workpiece and being operative during the withdrawal of the boring tool from the workpiece at the end of the cutting operation.

, 13. In a machine for the successive machining I I of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diametena workholding member, a cutting member, means for producing relative rotation between said cutting member and a worka .piece in said workholding member, a table on which one of said members is mounted, means for reciprocating said table to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said operation involving a predetermined movement of said cutting member over the inner surface of a workpiece in the workholding member and subsequent withdrawal oi said cutting member from the workpiece, a gage member, meanstoemaintain said gage member out of. contact with the workpiece during the cutting operation, means responsive to the withdrawal of the cutting member from the workpiece for urging said gage memben toward the workpiece, said gage member being arranged to enter the bore of said workpiece 'if the latter by said cutting operation has been finished to the predetermined internal diameter, a normally open electric circuit, an electromagnet in said circuit, means operable upon failure of a finished workpiece bore to admit said gage member for partially closing said circuit, means responsive to the withdrawal movement of said cutting member, means for producing relative rotation between 'said cutting member and a workpiece insaid workhclding member, a table on which one of said members is mounted, means for reciprocating-said table to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said op-' eration involving a predetermined movement of said cutting member over the inner surface of a workpiece in the workholding member and subsequent withdrawal of said cutting member from the workpiece, a gage member, means to maintain said gage member out of contact with the workpiece during the cutting operation, means responsive to the withdrawal of the cutting member from the workpiece'for urging said gage member toward the workpiece, said gage member being arranged to enter the bore of said workpiece if the latter by saidcutting operation has been finished to the predetermined internal diameter, a normally open electric circuit, an electromagnet in said circuit, means operable upon failure of a finished workpiece bore to admit said gage member for partially closing said circuit,

means responsive to the withdrawal movement of I said cutting member from the workpiece for completing said circuit to ,energize said electromagnet, and means responsive to further withdrawal movement of the cutting member from the workpiece to withdraw the gage member from contact with the workpiece.

15. In abo-ring machine for the successive machining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter. a workholder and a boring tool, means for producing relative rotation between said 'parts and for effecting the traverse of one by theother, to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, workcalipering means operative at the end of each cutting operation in response to separation of the boring tool from the. workpiece after the 'completion of the cutting operation, and means under ',the control of the work-calipering. means and operable in response to the separation of the boring tool from the workpiece for procuring a lateral movement of the boring tool when the finished workpiece in said workholder has an internal diameter that prevents entry of said workboring tool, means for producing relative rotation between said parts and for efiecting the traverse of one by the other, to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, work+ calipering means operative at the end of each cutting operation in response to separation of erative position.

17. In a boring machine for the successive machining of a plurailty of workpieces to a predetermin'ed internal diameter, a rotatable workholder,'a boring tool mounted in i'lxedrelation to the axis of said workholder during the cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said cutting operation, involving a relative movement of said tool over the inner surface of the workpiece and subsequent withdrawal of the boring tool from engagement with the workpiece, workcalipering means operable upon the withdrawal of said tool from the workpiece for testing the internal diameter thereof, and means under the control of said work-calip ering means for procuring a movement of the boring tool relative to the axis of the workholder when the finished workpiece is not reduced to the desired internal diameter as indicated by said work-calipering means, said last-mentioned means being'inoperative when the workpiece is reduced to the proper internal diameter; V

, 18. In a boring machine for the successive machining of'a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a rotatable workholder, a boring tool mounted in fixed relation to the axis of said workholder during the cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said cutting operation involving a relative movement oi; said tool over the inner surface of the workpiece and subsequent withdrawal of the boring tool from engagement with the workpiece, workcalipering means operable upon the withdrawal of said tool from the workpiece for testing the internal diameter thereof, and means under the control of said work-calipering means and responsive to the withdrawal movement of the tool from the workpiece for procuring a movement of the boring tool relative to the axis of the work holder when the finishedworkple'ce is not reduced to thedesired internaldiameter as indicated by said work-calipering means, said lastmentioned means being inoperative when the workpiece is reduced to the proper internal diameter.

19. In a boring machine for the successive machining of a plurality of workpieces to a predetermined internal diameter, a rotatable workholder, a boring tool mounted in fixed relation to the axis of said workholder during the cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said cut-' ting operation involving a relative movement of said tool over the inner surface of theworkpiccc and subsequent withdrawal of the boring tool from engagement with the workpiece, work-calipering means operable upon the withdrawal of said tool from the workpiece for testing the internal diameter thereof, means under the control of said work-calipering means and responsive to the withdrawal movement of the tool'from the workpiece for procuring a movement of the boring tool relativeto the axis of the workholder when the iinished workpiece is not reduced to the desired internal diameter as indicated by said work-calipering means, said last-mentioned means being inoperative when the workpiece is reduced to the proper internal diameter, and other means responsive to the withdrawal'movement and operable after' the work-calipering means have tested the internal diameter of the workpiece for procuring a movement ofsaid work-calipering means to inoperative position.

20. In a machine for the machining of one surface of each of a succession of work pieces to a predetermined dimension, 8. work-holding member and a cutting member, means for producing relative rotation between said parts and for ef-' fecting the traverse of one by the other, to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said operation involving a predetermined relative movement of said cutting member over the surface of a workpiece in the workholding member and subsequent relative withdrawal of holder, a tool holder, means operable to adjust the said cutting member from the workpiece, workcalipering means operative in response .to the withdrawal of the cutting member from the workpiece, a normally open electric circuit, an electromagnet therein adapted when energized to procure a lateral movement of the cutting member, means under the control of the work-calipering means and operable only when the workpiece is not reduced to the desired dimension for partially closing said circuit, and means responsive to the withdrawal movement of said cutting member for completing said circuit, thereby procuring the lateral movement of the cutting member.

21. In a machine for the machining of one surface of each of a succession of workpieces all to the same predetermined dimension, a workholder and a cutting tool, means for producing relative rotation between. said parts and for effecting the traverse of one by the other to procure a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said operation involving a predetermined relative movement between the tool and workholder and subsequent withdrawal of the tool relative to the workholder, work-calipering means for testing the dimension of the workpiece and operative in response to said withdrawal movement after the completion of the cutting operation}: and means under the control of the work-calipering means and operative only when the workpiece is not reduced to the proper dimension for procuring a lateral adjustment of the cutting tool, said workcalipering means, when the workpiece is reduced to the desired dimension, having no effect on the position of the cutting tool relative to the workholder.

22. In a machine for v the machining of one surface of each of a plurality of workpieces successively all to a predetermined dimension, a cut- ,ting tool and a workholder, means for procuring a cutting operation on each successive workpiece, said operation involving a predetermined movement of the tool over the surface of the workpiece and subsequent withdrawal of the cutting tool from said workpiece, said tool and workholder having no relative lateral movement during the cutting operation, work-calipering means operative upon the withdrawal of the tool from a workpiece, and means under the control of said work-calipering means and operative only when the workpiece is not. reduced to the desired dimension, as indicated bythe calipering means for procuring a relative lateral movement between the cutting tool and the workholder to compensate for wear on thetool.

23. In a machine for the machining of one surface of each of a plurality of workpieces successively all to a predetermined internal diameter, a cutting tool and a workholder, means for procuring a cutting operation on each successive workpiece positioned in said workholder, said cutting operation involving a predetermined movement of the tool over the inner surface of the workpiece in the workholder and subsequent relative withdrawal movement of the cutting tool from the workpiece at the completion of the cutting operation, a gage, means responsive to the withdrawal movement for determining the internal diameter of the workpiece by entry of said gage within the bore thereof, and means operative only upon failure of said gage to enter said workpiece for procuring a lateral movement of thecutting tool relative to the workholder to compensate for wear on the tool.

24. In a machine of the class described, a workposition of said tool holder relatively -to said workholder, a gage brought into action by the completion of the tool's operation on each workpiece in said holder to test the dimension of the finished surface of said workpiece, and -means responsive to obstruction of said gages passage along said surface for so operating the adjusting means for said tool holder as to dispose the tool in a position adapted to produce on the next operation of said tool a surface that will permit passage of said gage.

25. In a machine for cutting successive workpieces to substantially the same size, a workholder and an adjustably mounted tool holder,

means operable to adjust said tool holder, a gage for testing the finished dimension of each workpiece, said gage being brought into action by the completion of the tool's operation on each workpiece, means responsive to free passage, of said gage along the finished surface for maintaining for said tool having an adjustable mounting, a gage brought into operation on each workpiece by the completion of the topls operation thereon to test the dimension of the tooled surface, and

connections between said gage and said adjustable mounting that leave the latter undisturbed if the desired finished dimension has been attained,

and that operate said adjustable mounting to reposition said tool it said desired finished dimension has not been attained.

27. In a machine of the class described, a workholder and a boring tool. an eccentric mounting for said tool, permitting adjustment of the tool's position relative to said workholder, a gage held in an inoperative position during the boring operation on each workpiece and made operative to test the dimension of the finished workpiece bore in response to the withdrawal of the tool from said bore, said gages entry into said finished bore being without influence on said eccentric mount- I ing, means responsive to non-entry of said gage into a finished bore for shifting said eccentric mounting, thereby to reposition the tool so that the next-finished workpiece bore will permit said gages entry. a

2 8. In a boring machine, the combination with a workholder, of a boring tool adapted normally to produce bores of predetermined size in each of .asuccession of workpieces, a gaging device brought into action on each'finished bore only by the completion of the operation thereon 0! said tool, means maintaining said machine uninflu-- encedby said gaging device if the latter enters a finished bore, and means, responsive to such gaging device's non-entry into a finished bore for producing a lateral compensatory adjustment of the relative positions of tool and workholder, whereby to obtain the predetermined size of bor on the next operation of saidtool. 29; In a machine of the class described, a cutting tool and a workholder, one of said parts being rotatable, to obtain the cutting action of said tool on a workpiece in said holder, means for eflecting the traverse of each workpiece in said holder by said tool, to finish a surface of said workpiece to a dimension determined by the distance of the tools cutting surface from the axis of such rotation, a gage brought into action by the completion of the cutting operation on each workpiece, to test the dimension of said finished surface, and means actuated by said gage, if said dimension is outside a predetermined limit, to correct the distance of said cutting tool's surface from said axis of rotation.

HAROLD L. BLOOD. I 

